Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky
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Biography
Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky was a Russian mathematician and geometer, known primarily for his work on hyperbolic geometry, otherwise known as Lobachevskian geometry, and also for his fundamental study on Dirichlet integrals, known as the Lobachevsky integral formula.
"Lobachevski had to teach Geometry; and began by an intensive critical study of Euclid, acting as devil's advocate. This approach to the anomalous parallel axiom resulted in his non-Euclidean Geometry."